Femoral overgrowth in children with congenital pseudarthrosis of the Tibia

Table 2 Summary of 22 children who demonstrated femoral overgrowth (FO) of the affected limb during follow-up

Patient	Sex	At initial presentation			Number of DO treatments	Amount of DO (mm)	At last follow-up			Nature of FO^c	Modified Shapiro’s Type
		Age (years)	Segment length discrepancy (mm)				Age (years)	Segment length discrepancy (mm)
		Age (years)	Femur (Length-gain effect)^b	Tibia			Age (years)	Femur (Length-gain effect)^b	Tibia
1^a	F	7.3	+10 (0)	−9	none	0	16.3	+10 (0)	−6	A	3
2^a	F	1.3	+17 (3)	−48	1	16	15.0	+17 (3)	−4	A	3
3^a	F	0.8	+12 (4)	−61	1	52	7.7	+10 (3)	−13	A	3
4^a	M	0.8	+10 (6)	+2	1	30	10.0	+10 (4)	−3	A	3
5^a	M	1.0	+10 (3)	−6	none	0	17.0	+13 (3)	−3	A	4
6^a	M	5.0	+15 (3)	−2	1	15	17.3	+10 (3)	−22	A	unclassifiable
7^a	M	3.2	+10 (4)	−3	1	12	12.0	+10 (2)	−13	A	3
8^a	M	1.0	+7 (3)	−30	3	90	16.0	+13 (3)	−48	B	4
9^a	F	0.1	+5 (4)	−98	1	53	13.9	+11 (1)	−28	B	2
10^a	M	6.1	0 (2)	−6	1	50	20.4	+10 (2)	−3	B	1
11^a	F	0.8	0 (3)	−13	1	35	19.1	+12 (3)	−19	B	4
12^a	M	5.3	+6 (4)	−10	1	17	17.3	+18 (6)	+1	B	2
13^a	M	5.5	+8 (5)	−35	1	15	14.6	+12 (3)	−18	B	2
14^a	F	6.6	+3 (4)	−18	1	15	17.6	+15 (3)	−28	B	3
15^a	F	7.1	+23 (3)	−48	3	111	16.3	0 (2)	−25	C	unclassifiable
16^a	F	7.0	+14 (3)	−75	2	102	16.0	+5 (4)	−21	C	unclassifiable
17^a	M	1.0	+11 (4)	−59	2	76	8.3	+4 (4)	+4	C	unclassifiable
18^a	F	0.2	+10 (1)	−41	1	33	7.5	0 (1)	+6	C	unclassifiable
19^a	M	1.3	+5 (2)	−10	1	69	16.0	+7 (4)	−3	D	5
20^a	F	2.9	+3 (4)	−90	1	38	16.1	+8 (4)	−19	D	5
21^a	F	3.7	0 (1)	−46	1	15	14.1	+2 (2)	−21	D	5
22^a	F	0.3	+2 (1)	−10	none	0	13.8	+5 (0)	−12	D	5

DO, distraction osteogenesis
Data represent the discrepancy of the femur and tibia (+, longer in the affected limb; −, shorter in the affected limb)
^aPatient 1 was the only patient with prepseudarthrosis; all of the other patients presented with atrophic-type CPT
^bLength-gain effect was defined as the effect of an increased femoral neck-shaft angle on FO. The length-gain effect was calculated by subtracting the distance between the summit of the femoral head and the mid-level of the lesser trochanter of the unaffected limb from the distance between the summit of the femoral head and the mid-level of the lesser trochanter of the affected limb
^cThe nature of FO was classified as follows: FO that was consistent from the initial presentation to the last follow-up (Type A); FO that was not observed at the initial presentation but that developed during treatment and remained consistent until the last follow-up (Type B); FO that was observed at the initial presentation but that was not apparent during follow-up (Type C); and FO that developed after the initial presentation and subsequently resolved (Type D)

ISSN: 1471-2474