Table 2 Clinical and radiographic outcomes in each group

ESR (mm/h) change from before treatment to final follow-up

51.31 ± 18.54

58.12 ± 15.32

10.61 ± 2.96*

12.52 ± 1.25*

VAS score change from before treatment to final follow-up

6.4 ± 0.88

6.7 ± 0.45

1.62 ± 0.65*

1.71 ± 0.35*

ODI score change from before treatment to final follow-up

39.15 ± 4.02

40.05 ± 3.22

4.68 ± 1.43*

4.83 ± 1.15*

  ASIA A

  ASIA B

  ASIA C

18

19

  ASIA D

10

8

  ASIA E

2

3

 ASIA A

 ASIA B

 ASIA C

 ASIA D

2

1

 ASIA E

28

29

Kyphosis angle(^。) before treatment the final follow-up

18.77 ± 2.49

17.97 ± 2.80

9.31 ± 1.54*

6.25 ± 1.04*

 1 week post-op

1.10 ± 1.10

1.25 ± 1.05

 3 months post-op

6.50 ± 3.50

6.90 ± 4.30

 6 months post-op

7.70 ± 3.30

9.50 ± 4.05

 12 months post-op

8.95 ± 4.60

11.55 ± 4.85

 Final follow-up

9.60 ± 1.12

11.85 ± 1.80

 1 month post-op

0.68 ± 0.23

0.58 ± 0.33

 3 months post-op

1.07 ± 0.66

1.94 ± 0.51

 6 months post-op

1.90 ± 0.74

2.48 ± 1.36

 12 months post-op

2.08 ± 0.85

2.64 ± 1.42

 Final follow-up

2.58 ± 0.45

2.78 ± 0.95

 Implant subsidence

3.3%(1/30)

13.3%(4/30)