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Table 5 Complications of PTES

From: Evaluation of efficacy and safety of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic surgery (PTES) for surgical treatment of calcified lumbar disc herniation: a retrospective cohort study of 101 patients

 

Complications

CLDH

ULDH

Intraoperative

Nerve root injury

0

0

Nerve root sleeves rupture

1

2

Dural sac rupture or leakage of CSF

0

0

Postoperative

Infection

0

0

Hematoma

0

0

Increased weakness of quadriceps or foot/toe extensor strength

0

0

Rebound of leg pain

1

2

Residual or recurrence

0

1

Total

 

2

5