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Table 2 Binary logistic regression models for the contribution of musculoskeletal factors to frailty for men. Data presented as odds ratio (OR, 95% confidence interval (CI))

From: The contribution of musculoskeletal factors to physical frailty: a cross-sectional study

Exposures

OR (95% CI)

AUROC

P-value

Femoral neck BMD

 Unadjusted

0.99 (0.70–1.40)

0.52

0.96

Ultrasound SOS

 Unadjusted

0.90 (0.74–1.10)

0.58

0.29

Ultrasound BUA

 Unadjusted

0.82 (0.62–1.08)

0.55

0.16

Ultrasound SI

 Unadjusted

0.73 (0.54–1.00)

0.57

0.05

 Adjusted- age, BMI

0.73 (0.53–1.01)

0.71

0.06

 Final Model

*

*

*

ALMI

 Unadjusted

0.60 (0.44–0.81)

0.65

< 0.01

 Adjusted- age, fat mass index

0.50 (0.36–0.70)

0.75

< 0.01

 Final Model 1- age, fat mass index, SES

0.50 (0.35–0.70)

0.77

< 0.01

 Final model 2-age, fracture, SES, fat mass index

0.48 (0.34–0.68)

0.77

< 0.01

HGS

 Unadjusted

0.12 (0.07–0.23)

0.83

< 0.01

 Adjusted- age, height

0.12 (0.06–0.23)

0.84

< 0.01

 Final Model- age, height, SES

0.11 (0.06–0.22)

0.85

< 0.01

  1. *Final model same as adjusted model
  2. AUROC area under the receiver operational characteristic curve, BMD bone mineral density, BUA broad-band ultrasound attenuation, SOS speed of sound, SI stiffness index, ALMI appendicular lean mass index, HGS handgrip strength