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Fig. 1 | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

Fig. 1

From: The study of distance changes between lumbar bi-cortical pedicle screws and anterior large vessels in patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis

Fig. 1

The measurement of distance between lumbar bi-cortical pedicle screws and anterior large vessels in L4, L5, S1 (AA: abdominal aorta, IVC: inferior vena cava, LCIA: left common iliac artery, RCIA: right common iliac artery, LCIV: left common iliac vein, RCIV: right common iliac vein, LEIA: left external iliac artery, LIIA: left internal iliac artery, REIA: right external iliac artery, RIIA: right internal iliac artery. A, B, C, D respectively represent the left TSA of the BPS at 0°, 5°, 10° and 15°; A’, B′, C′ and D′ respectively represent the right TSA of the BPS at 0°, 5°, 10°, and 15°)

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BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

ISSN: 1471-2474

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