Table 2 Clinical and radiographic results

HVA before surgery

34.62 ± 0.68

33.65 ± 0.75

0.3420

Unpaired t test

HVA 6 months

3.17 ± 0.15

3.10 ± 0.14

0.5327

Unpaired t test

HVA 12 months

3.96 ± 0.11

4.23 ± 0.13

0.2234

Unpaired t test

HVA 24 months

4.18 ± 0.17

4.79 ± 0.14

0.1657

Unpaired t test

IMA before surgery

16.86 ± 1.59

17.01 ± 1.72

0.6882

Unpaired t test

IMA 6 months*

5.44 ± 0.08

8.29 ± 0.10

< 0.0001

Unpaired t test

IMA 12 months*

5.02 ± 0.06

8.78 ± 0.08

< 0.0001

Unpaired t test

IMA 24 months*

5.40 ± 0.07

9.06 ± 0.08

< 0.0001

Unpaired t test

DMAA before surgery

20.08 ± 2.21

19.69 ± 2.66

0.6684

Unpaired t test

DMAA 6 months*

30.79 ± 2.44

17.33 ± 2.87

< 0.0001

Unpaired t test

DMAA 12 months*

22.57 ± 2.19

16.78 ± 2.84

< 0.0001

Unpaired t test

DMAA 24 months*

17.68 ± 2.47

13.07 ± 1.93

< 0.0001

Unpaired t test

MTP-1 ROM (dorsiflexion) before surgery

68.68 ± 3.21

68.99 ± 3.44

0.4549

Unpaired t test

MTP-1 ROM (dorsiflexion) 6 months

69.32 ± 2.99

69.13 ± 2.74

0.4135

Unpaired t test

MTP-1 ROM (dorsiflexion) 12 months

71.56 ± 2.91

70.67 ± 2.67

0.3953

Unpaired t test

MTP-1 ROM (dorsiflexion) 24 months

73.43 ± 2.78

72.99 ± 3.03

0.3545

Unpaired t test

MTP-1 ROM (plantarflexion) before surgery

33.45 ± 3.03

33.95 ± 3.34

0.4657

Unpaired t test

MTP-1 ROM (plantarflexion) 6 months

35.51 ± 2.93

34.87 ± 3.25

0.3824

Unpaired t test

MTP-1 ROM (plantarflexion) 12 months

36.84 ± 2.98

36.03 ± 2.66

0.3392

Unpaired t test

MTP-1 ROM (plantarflexion) 24 months

37.65 ± 2.25

37.13 ± 3.04

0.2596

Unpaired t test

AOFAS before surgery

44.56 ± 3.54

44.01 ± 3.73

0.3264

Unpaired t test

AOFAS 6 months

77.43 ± 0.62

76.80 ± 0.83

0.1329

Unpaired t test

AOFAS 12 months

80.42 ± 1.79

81.04 ± 2.74

0.4023

Unpaired t test

AOFAS 24 months

80.34 ± 0.48

79.46 ± 0.84

0.1493

Unpaired t test

Sesamoid grade before surgery

2.43 ± 0.10

2.48 ± 0.09

0.3425

Unpaired t test

Sesamoid grade 6 months*

1.57 ± 0.05

2.08 ± 0.05

0.0171

Unpaired t test

Sesamoid grade 12 months*

1.45 ± 0.05

1.99 ± 0.05

0.0397

Unpaired t test

Sesamoid grade 24 months*

1.47 ± 0.06

2.01 ± 0.05

0.0334

Unpaired t test

Complication hallus varus

0

3

0.0886

Fisher’s exact test

Complication delayed healing

0

0

–

–

Complication nonunion

0

0

–

–

Complication troughing*

0

4

0.0399

Fisher’s exact test