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Table 3 Multivariate-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of osteoporosis by tertiles of specific vitamin intake

From: Association of vitamins with bone mineral density and osteoporosis measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry: a cross-sectional study

Vitamins

T1

T2

T3

P trend*

Vitamin A, µg

Ref

0.93 (0.81–1.04)

0.85 (0.78–0.96)

< 0.01

Vitamin C, mg

Ref

0.89 (0.78–1.05)

0.79 (0.67–0.93)

< 0.01

Vitamin D, µg

Ref

0.94 (0.82–1.07)

0.88 (0.75–0.98)

< 0.01

  1. Multivariable models were adjusted for age, BMI, gender, race-ethnicity, education levels, family income-poverty ratio level, smoking status, drinking status, physical activity
  2. * Test for trend based on variable containing median value for each quintile