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Table 3 The influence of the location of hemivertebra on clinical manifestations in patients with congenital scoliosis caused by isolated hemivertebra

From: Morphological analysis of isolated hemivertebra: radiographic manifestations related to the severity of congenital scoliosis

Variables

Region of HV

P value

Thoracic (T, T1 to T11–12, n = 63)

Thoracolumbar (TL, T12/13 to L1, n = 41)

Lumbar (L, L1–2 to L5/6-S1, n = 52)

Overall*

Post hoc test with Bonferroni correction

T vs.TL

T vs. L

TL vs. L

Patient age (years)

8.9 ± 5.7

11.8 ± 7.2

8.9 ± 5.7

0.065

N/A

N/A

N/A

Male (n & %)

38 (60.3)

21 (51.2)

22 (42.3)

0.156

N/A

N/A

N/A

Left side HV (n & %)

21 (33.3)

24 (58.5)

25 (48.1)

0.035

0.034

0.325

0.948

Excess HV (n & %)a

21 (33.3)

17 (41.5)

33 (63.5)

0.005

1.000

0.004

0.104

Deformity parameters

       

 Cobb angle of scoliosis (°)

50.3 ± 19.3

55.5 ± 23.1

43.6 ± 13.2

0.018

0.891

0.153

0.018

 Cobb angle of kyphosis (°)

36.3 ± 24.1

55.1 ± 35.9

21.2 ± 17.2

<  0.001

0.073

0.001

<  0.001

 AVT (mm)

32.6 ± 15.2

41.1 ± 18.5

32.4 ± 13.6

0.026

0.046

1.000

0.053

 TS (mm)

11.8 ± 7.7

18.1 ± 14.8

16.6 ± 11.7

0.059

N/A

N/A

N/A

 SVA (mm)

30.9 ± 22.5

39.3 ± 23.3

24.0 ± 17.1

0.004

0.128

0.373

0.003

Morphology of HV (n & %)

       

 Width across CVL of DAV

30 (47.6)

21 (51.2)

16 (30.8)

0.088

N/A

N/A

N/A

 Lateral height ratiob ≥ 0.9

45 (71.4)

22 (53.7)

21 (40.4)

0.003

0.193

0.002

0.607

 Posterolateral position

31 (49.2)

31 (75.6)

17 (32.7)

<  0.001

0.022

0.222

<  0.001

Associated anomalies (n & %)

       

 Compensatory curve

33 (52.4)

8 (19.5)

6 (11.5)

<  0.001

0.002

<  0.001

0.857

 Anteroposterior discordancec

11 (17.5)

0 (0)

17 (32.7)

<  0.001

0.014

0.175

<  0.001

 Intraspinal anomalies

16 (25.4)

7 (17.1)

13 (25.0)

0.568

N/A

N/A

N/A

  1. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or number of patients (percentage).
  2. TS trunk shift: SVA sagittal vertical axis: AVT apex vertebral translation: HV hemivertebra: CVL central vertical line: DAV distal adjacent vertebra: N/A not applicable.
  3. *The raw P value is provided because there is no significant difference of the distribution of age between groups and adjusting by age using analysis of covariance is unnecessary.
  4. aExcess HV indicated that the HV was a supernumerary segment in addition to the 17 or more normally developed thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, and thus was numbered by the corresponding intervertebral space, e.g. T12-L1. bTwice the convex lateral height of HV divided by the summation of convex lateral height of proximal and distal adjacent vertebra. cThe mismatch phenomenon between vertebral body and posterior structure of HV
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BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

ISSN: 1471-2474

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