Morphological analysis of isolated hemivertebra: radiographic manifestations related to the severity of congenital scoliosis

Table 5 Distribution of parameters in four groups of patients with isolated hemivertebra

Variables	Number of the positive parameters^a				P value
Variables	0 (n = 12)	1 (n = 30)	2 (n = 17)	3 (n = 7)	P value
Age at diagnosis (years)	5.5 ± 4.0	7.2 ± 4.0	4.5 ± 4.0	7.6 ± 4.1	0.081
Location of hemivertebra					0.132
Thoracolumbar (T12/13-L1)	2 (16.7)	5 (16.7)	4 (23.5)	4 (57.1)
Non-thoracolumbar	10 (83.3)	25 (83.3)	13 (76.5)	3 (42.9)
Treatment					< 0.001^#
Observation (n & %)	12 (100)	10 (33.3)	2 (11.8)	0 (0)
Observation followed by surgery (n & %)	0 (0)	20 (66.7)	15 (88.2)	7 (100)

Data are presented as number of patients (percentage).
^aComprising the three morphological parameters of hemivertebra: width across the midline, a lateral height ratio ≥ 0.9 and posterolateral position.
^#Calculated by the Mantel-Haenszel chi-square test. In the post hoc tests with Bonferroni correction, group 1, 2 and 3 had significantly higher percentage of patients who required surgery than group 0 (P = 0.001, < 0.001, and < 0.001, respectively); no intergroup difference was identified between group 1, 2 and 3 (P > 0.05)

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