Fig. 4

Showing a 66-year-old male patient with a severe varus deformity right knee. The pre-operational full-length AP view of lower limb illustrates a severe varus deformity of the knee joint(a); The post-operational full-length AP view of lower limb indicates neutral alignment of coronal alignment(b). The Mako Robotic-Arm Interactive Orthopedic (RIO) system was used to balance soft tissues during knee joint flexion (c). Intra-operational bone resection planning and performing with the assistance of RIO system(d)